Factoring Work Orientation 5-M for Employed Adults of Expatriate Chinese Employees and Locals in Indonesia

Abstract

Work orientation refers to individual employees’ beliefs on the meaning of work and what they can gain from the work leading to work satisfaction, but should consider cultural values. The current study aimed to investigate work orientation of expatriate Chinese (Chinese employees) and Indonesian employees (Locals) by factoring structure underlying the Work Orientation Questionnaire of five-dimensional for employed adults’ (WOQ 5-M_fEA) model. Principal axis factoring outputs emerged with four factors for Chinese employees and five factors for Locals. It was only the job orientation remained the structures the same as the original scale. The rests were, for Chinese employees, the merging of the career orientation, and some item of the busyness orientation, and the social embeddedness orientation into one factor, the groups of the calling orientation and three items of the social embeddedness orientation, and only three items of the busyness orientation. For Locals, the most problematic was the formation of the career and the calling orientations that was grouped into one factor. The selected demographic factors had no significantly influence on each of the work orientation dimensions and contributed to a very small effect size. Those combinations were meaningless and assumed that due to the wordings, the ability to interpret the statements, and the work cultural issues of the two countries. The study suggests to redesign study to have more powerful effect of the magnitude. The discussion, the implications, and the limitations are discussed.