Entrepreneurial Characteristics and Entrepreneurial Intention: The Mediating Role of Entrepreneurial Mindset
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47747/ijbme.v6i1.2613Keywords:
Entrepreneurial Characteristics, Entrepreneurial Intention, Entrepreneurial mindset.Abstract
ABSTRACT:
This study aims at examining the relationship between entrepreneurial characteristics and entrepreneurial intention as well as the mediating role of entrepreneurial mindset among university students. Descriptive correlational technique to conduct non-experimental quantitative research approach was utilized to provide a detailed understanding of the influence among the constructs. This study involved 385 fourth-year Bachelor of Science in Hospitality Management (BSHM) and Bachelor of Science in Business Administration (BSBA) students majoring in Financial Management (FM) and Human Resource Management (HRM) who enrolled in entrepreneurship courses. The result reveals that entrepreneurial characteristics have a significant positive effect on entrepreneurial intention. Additionally, direct and indirect models show that entrepreneurial mindset mediates the relationship between entrepreneurial characteristics and entrepreneurial intention. This suggest that entrepreneurial characteristics such as locus of control, need for achievement, risk-taking propensity, innovativeness, self-efficacy, and tolerance to ambiguity are important drivers of entrepreneurial intention, with entrepreneurial mindset that will acts as a catalyst that translates these characteristics to intentions. This study highlights the importance of cultivating entrepreneurial mindset in higher education to bridge the gap between inherent traits and actual entrepreneurial pursuits, which is in accordance with the fourth and eight sustainable development goals which indicates quality education, decent work and economic growth. Future investigations are encouraged to explore additional variables and conduct longitudinal studies to provide a deeper understanding of this dynamic.
Downloads
References
Abun, D., Basilio, G. J. Q., & Fredolin, J. P. (2022). The effect of entrepreneurial mindset, work environment on employees’ work performance. International Journal of Research in Business and Social Science, 11(4), 77–94. https://doi.org/10. 20525/ijrbs.v11i4.1839
Aga, M. K. (2023). The mediating role of perceived behavioral control in the relationship between entrepreneurship education and entrepreneurial intentions of university students in Ethiopia. Journal of Innovation and Entrepreneurship, 12, 32. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13731-023-00297-w
Agustina, T. S., & Fauzia, D. S. (2021). The need for achievement, risk-taking propensity, and entrepreneurial intention of the generation Z. Risenologi, 6(1), 96–106. https://doi.org/10.47028/j.risenologi.2021.61.161
Aima, M. H., Wijaya, S. A., Carawangsa, L., & Ying, M. (2020). Effect of global mindset and entrepreneurial motivation to entrepreneurial self-efficacy and implication to entrepreneurial intention. Dinasti International Journal of Digital Business Management, 1(2), 302–314. https://doi.org/10.31933/dijdbm.v1i2. 160
Ajzen, I. (1985). From intentions to actions: A theory of planned behavior. In Action Control (pp. 11–39). Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/ 978-3-642-69746-3_2
Ajzen, I., Czasch, C., & Flood, M. G. (2009). From intentions to behavior: Implementation intention, commitment, and conscientiousness. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 39(6), 1356–1372. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1559-1816.2009.00485.x
Akhtar, S., Hongyuan, T., Iqbal, S., & Ankomah, F. Y. N. (2020). Impact of need for achievement on entrepreneurial intentions; mediating role of self-efficacy. Journal of Asian Business Strategy, 10(1), 114–121. https://doi.org/10.18488/jo urnal.1006.2020.101.114.121
Al-Ghazali, B. M., Shah, S. H. A., & Sohail, M. S. (2022). The role of five big personality traits and entrepreneurial mindset on entrepreneurial intentions among university students in Saudi Arabia. Frontiers in Psychology, 13, 964875. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.964875
Al-Jubari, I. (2019). College students’ entrepreneurial intention: Testing an integrated model of SDT and TPB. SAGE Open, 9(2), 1–15. https://doi.org/10.1177/2158 244019853467
An, J., Zhu, X., Shi, Z., & An, J. (2024). A serial mediating effect of perceived family support on psychological well-being. BMC Public Health, 24, 940. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-024-18476-z
Anwar, I., & Saleem, I. (2019). Exploring entrepreneurial characteristics among university students: An evidence from India. Asia Pacific Journal of Innovation and Entrepreneurship, 13(3), 282–295. https://doi.org/10.1108/apjie-07-2018-0044
Arnaut, D., Stanić, M., & Bećirović, D. (2022). Exploring entrepreneurial alertness and entrepreneurial intention in times of the COVID-19 pandemic. Management, 27(1), 237–249. https://doi.org/10.30924/mjcmi.27.1.13
Asante, E. A., & Affum-Osei, E. (2019). Entrepreneurship as a career choice: The impact of locus of control on aspiring entrepreneurs’ opportunity recognition. Journal of Business Research, 98(1), 227–235. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusr es.2019.02.006
Asenge, E. L., Diaka, H. S., & Soom, A. T. (2018). Entrepreneurial mindset and performance of small and medium scale enterprises in Makurdi Metropolis, Benue State-Nigeria. International Journal of Innovation, 6(2), 124–146. https://doi.org/10.5585/iji.v6i2.223
Asimakopoulos, G., Hernández, V., & Peña Miguel, J. (2019). Entrepreneurial intention of engineering students: The role of social norms and entrepreneurial self-efficacy. Sustainability, 11(16), 4314. https://doi.org/10.3390/su11164314
Asmara, H., Ery, T. D., & Aniek, I. (2016). The effect of need for achievement and risk taking propensity on entepreunerial intention through entepreunerial attitude. IOSR Journal of Business and Management (IOSR-JBM), 18(6), 117–126. https://doi.org/10.9790/487X-180601117126
Atiya, T., & Osman, Z. (2021). The effect of entrepreneurial characteristics on the entrepreneurial intention of university students in Oman and Sudan. Entrepreneurship and Sustainability Issues, 8(4), 217–234. https://doi.org/10.97 70/jesi.2021.8.4(12)
Aulia, M., & Evanita, S. (2020). The influence of locus of control, need for achievement and campus environment on students’ entrepreneurship interest of Universitas Negeri Padang. 599–607. https://doi.org/10.2991/aebmr.k.200305.124
Bahaw, P., Baboolal, A., Mack, A. J., & Carter-Rogers, K. (2024). Exposure to entrepreneurship education interventions reveal improvements to vocational entrepreneurial intent: A two-wave longitudinal study. Discover Education, 3, 145. https://doi.org/10.1007/s44217-024-00241-4
Baldegger, U., Schroeder, S. H., & Furtner, M. R. (2017). The self-loving entrepreneur: Dual narcissism and entrepreneurial intention. International Journal of Entrepreneurial Venturing, 9(4), 373–391. https://doi.org/10.1504/ijev.2017.08 8639
Baskaran, S. (2020). MBA education: Curriculum to creation (C2C) of potential entrepreneurs. International Journal of Innovation and Business Strategy (IJIBS), 14(2). https://ijibs.utm.my/index.php/ijibs/article/view/92
Nazmi, F. B. M. (2020). Self-entrepreneurial competencies and entrepreneurial mindset among university students. 86–129. https://conference.uis.edu.my /icomm/7th/images/eprosiding/10_farhana_azmi.pdf
Bosman, L., & Fernhaber, S. (2021). All students need an entrepreneurial mindset. In Teaching the Entrepreneurial Mindset across the University, an Integrative Approach (pp. 3–10). Springer Nature. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-79050-9_1
Bosman, L., Kotla, B., Cuesta, C., Duhan, N., & Oladepo, T. (2022). The role of information literacy in promoting “discovery” to cultivate the entrepreneurial mindset. Journal of International Education in Business, 16(1), 56–69. https://doi.org/10.1108/jieb-02-2022-0015
Cardella, G. M., Sánchez, B. R. H., & Sanchez, J. C. (2022). The role of parent’s work in the entrepreneurial intentions of their children: A study with Spanish university students. In Miradas Sobre El Emprendimiento Ante La Crisis Del Coronavirus (pp. 166–171). Editorial Dykinson, S.L. https://doi.org/10.2307/j.ctv2gz3w9c.29
Castaldi, L., Sepe, E., Turi, C., & Iscaro, V. (2020). An experiential learning program for entrepreneurship education. Global Business and Economics Review, 22(1/2), 178–197. https://doi.org/10.1504/gber.2020.10026702
Cater, J. J., Young, M., & Hua, L. (2023). Examining the entrepreneurial mindset and entrepreneurial intentions. The Journal of Applied Business and Economics, 25(4), 30–46. https://doi.org/10.33423/jabe.v25i4.6339
Chahal, J., Shoukat, M. H., Massoud, H. K., & Ayoubi, R. M. (2024). Analysing the impact of post-pandemic factors on entrepreneurial intentions: The enduring significance of self-efficacy in student planned behaviour. Cogent Business & Management, 11, 2302796. https://doi.org/10.1080/23311975.2024.2302796
Chua, R. Y., Kadirvelu, A., Yasin, S., & Park, M. S.-A. (2021). An exploratory model of family resilience processes and functioning: A cultural perspective of the Semai indigenous communities in Perak, Malaysia. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 52(6), 567–582. https://doi.org/10.1177/00220221211028297
Cui, J. (2021). The impact of entrepreneurship curriculum with teaching models on sustainable development of entrepreneurial mindset among higher education students in China: The moderating role of the entrepreneurial climate at the institution. Sustainability, 13(14), 7950. https://doi.org/10.3390/ su13147950
Cui, J., & Bell, R. (2022). Behavioural entrepreneurial mindset: How entrepreneurial education activity impacts entrepreneurial intention and behaviour. The International Journal of Management Education, 20(2), 100639. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijme.2022.100639
Cui, J., Sun, J., & Bell, R. (2019). The impact of entrepreneurship education on the entrepreneurial mindset of college students in China: The mediating role of inspiration and the role of educational attributes. The International Journal of Management Education, 19(1), 100296. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijme.2019 .04.001
Damayanti, S. (2023). The influence of need for achievement and self efficacy on student entrepreneurship intention. International Journal of Research and Review, 10(1), 513–519. https://doi.org/10.52403/ijrr.20230159
Dubey, P. (2022). The effect of entrepreneurial characteristics on attitude and intention: An empirical study among technical undergraduates. Journal of Business and Socio-Economic Development, 4(3), 272–289. https://doi.org/10.1108/jbsed-09-2021-0117
Emrizal, E., & Primadona, P. (2023). The role of entrepreneurial resilience and entrepreneurial self-efficacy on entrepreneurial intention on students in Padang city. International Journal of Science, Technology & Management, 4(1), 80–84. https://doi.org/10.46729/ijstm.v4i1.752
Fayolle, A., & Gailly, B. (2015). The impact of entrepreneurship education on entrepreneurial attitudes and intention: Hysteresis and persistence. Journal of Small Business Management, 53(1), 75–93. https://doi.org/10.1111/jsbm.12065
Ferreira, J. J. M., Fernandes, C. I., & Mota Veiga, P. (2023). The role of entrepreneurial ecosystems in the SME internationalization. Journal of Business Research, 157, 113603. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2022.113603
Galay, M. A., Macabata, N. S., & Limos-Galay, J. A. (2023). Environmental factors affecting entrepreneurial intention of senior high school students’ in San Jose, Occidental Mindoro. International Journal of Research Studies in Management, 11(1), 17–31. https://doi.org/10.5861/ijrsm.2023.1002
Gao, S.-Y., & Huang, J. (2023). Corrigendum: Effect of narcissistic personality on entrepreneurial intention among college students: Mediation role of entrepreneurial self-efficacy. Frontiers in Psychology, 14, 774510. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1206340
García-Rodríguez, F. J., Gil-Soto, E., Ruiz-Rosa, I., & Sene, P. M. (2013). Entrepreneurial intentions in diverse development contexts: A cross-cultural comparison between Senegal and Spain. International Entrepreneurship and Management Journal, 11(3), 511–527. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11365-013-0291-2
Genç, K. Y. (2020). The best traits of entrepreneurs: A research on the participants of entrepreneurship training programs. Journal of Management, 36(1), 67–76. https://doi.org/10.38104/vadyba.2020.09
Gielnik, M. M., Bledow, R., & Stark, M. S. (2020). A dynamic account of self-efficacy in entrepreneurship. Journal of Applied Psychology, 105(5), 487–505. https://doi.org/10.1037/apl0000451
Gürol, Y., & Atsan, N. (2006). Entrepreneurial characteristics amongst university students. Education + Training, 48(1), 25–38. https://doi.org/10.1108/00400910 610645716
Hamzah, M. I., & Othman, A. K. (2023). How do locus of control influence business and personal success? The mediating effects of entrepreneurial competency. Frontiers in Psychology, 13, 958911. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.958911
Handayati, P., Wulandari, D., Soetjipto, B. E., Wibowo, A., & Narmaditya, B. S. (2020). Does entrepreneurship education promote vocational students’ entrepreneurial mindset? Heliyon, 6(11), e05426. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.he liyon.2020.e05426
Hassan, H. M. K., Igel, B., & Shamsuddoha, M. (2022). Entrepreneurship education and social entrepreneurial intentions: The mediating effects of entrepreneurial social network. Frontiers in Psychology, 13, 860273. https://doi.org/10.3389/fps yg.2022.860273
Hong, Z., Hong, T., Cui, Z., & Luzhuang, W. (2012). Entrepreneurship quality of college students related to entrepreneurial education. Energy Procedia, 17, 1907–1913. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.egypro.2012.02.331
Hossain, M. D. U. (2021). Relationship between individual characteristics and social entrepreneurial intention: Evidence from bangladesh. Business and Economics Research Journal, 12(2), 385–397. https://doi.org/10.20409/berj.2021.328
Hsieh, L., Child, J., Narooz, R., Elbanna, S., Karmowska, J., Marinova, S., Puthusserry, P., Tsai, T., & Zhang, Y. (2019). A multidimensional perspective of SME internationalization speed: The influence of entrepreneurial characteristics. International Business Review, 28(2), 268–283. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ibu srev.2018.09.004
Ibidunni, A. S., Mozie, D., & Ayeni, A. W. A. A. (2020). Entrepreneurial characteristics amongst university students: Insights for understanding entrepreneurial intentions amongst youths in a developing economy. Education + Training, ahead-of-print(ahead-of-print). https://doi.org/10.1108/et-09-2019-0204
Idrus, A., & Setiyadi, B. (2020). The effect of self‐efficacy and entrepreneurship on managers’ professionalism and performance in jambi community learning centers. Performance Improvement Quarterly, 34(1), 31–53. https://doi.org/1 0.1002/piq.21341
Ikhram, A. D., & Novadjaja, L. H. (2020). The effect of entrepreneurial knowledge on entrepreneurial intention with the moderation of family support (A case study on university students in indonesia). Asia Pacific Management and Business Application, 8(3), 169–180. https://doi.org/10.21776/ub.apmba.2020.008.03.2
Jebsen, S., & Rohlfer, S. (2024). Exploring the relationship between sustainable knowledge, entrepreneurial skills, and sustainable entrepreneurial intention among first-year business students. In Social Sustainability and Good Work in Organizations (pp. 18–42). Taylor & Francis. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003 306436-2
Jemal, J. T., Fisher, K. S., & Findley, J. V. (2023). Entrepreneurial mindset and venture success: A study of startups in Vancouver, Canada. Journal of Entrepreneurship & Project Management, 7(9), 1–10. https://doi.org/10.5381 9/81018102t5220
Jiatong, W., Murad, M., Bajun, F., Tufail, M. S., Mirza, F., & Rafiq, M. (2021). Impact of Entrepreneurial Education, Mindset, and Creativity on Entrepreneurial Intention: Mediating Role of Entrepreneurial Self-Efficacy. Frontiers in Psychology, 12, 724440. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.724440
Jones, O., Macpherson, A., & Jayawarna, D. (2022). Entrepreneurial learning and business start-up. In Resourcing the Start-up Business (pp. 157–205). Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003312918-6
Karimi, S., Ahmadi Malek, F., & Yaghoubi Farani, A. (2021). The relationship between proactive personality and employees’ creativity: The mediating role of intrinsic motivation and creative self-efficacy. Economic Research-Ekonomska Istraživanja, 35(1), 1–20. https://doi.org/10.1080/1331677x.2021.2013913
Karya, D. F., Anshori, M. Y., Elfita, R. A., Sahrin, L. A., & Gita, M. N. (2022). Internal Locus of Control, Entrepreneurial Learning, Risk Tolerance on Self-efficacy, and Entrepreneurial Intention. 339–348. https://doi.org/10.2991/978-94-6463-008-4_44
Kerr, S. P., Kerr, W. R., & Xu, T. (2017). Personality Traits of Entrepreneurs: A Review of Recent Literature. Foundations and Trends® in Entrepreneurship, 14(3), 279–356. https://doi.org/10.1561/0300000080
Kollmann, T., Stöckmann, C., Kensbock, J. M., & Linstaedt, J. W. (2021). Personality composition and performance in entrepreneurial teams: Understanding the impact of stability and plasticity traits in a relative contribution model. International Journal of Entrepreneurial Venturing, 13(3), 262–287. https://doi.org/10.1504/ijev.2021.10038428
Kong, F., Zhao, L., & Tsai, C.-H. (2020). The Relationship Between Entrepreneurial Intention and Action: The Effects of Fear of Failure and Role Model. Frontiers in Psychology, 11, 1–9. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2020.00229
Kurjono, K. (2022). Entrepreneurial intentions: Between entrepreneurial knowledge, entrepreneurial skills and perceived control behavior. Dinamika Pendidikan, 17(2), 146–163. https://doi.org/10.15294/dp.v17i2.39783
Kurjono, K., Samlawi, F., Muntashofi, B., & Saprudin, N. (2022). The effect of locus of control and tolerance of ambiguity on entrepreneurial intention. 7–12. https://doi.org/10.2991/aebmr.k.220701.003
Kusumojanto, D. D., Wibowo, A., Kustiandi, J., & Narmaditya, B. S. (2021). Do entrepreneurship education and environment promote students’ entrepreneurial intention? The role of entrepreneurial attitude. Cogent Education, 8, 1948660. https://doi.org/10.1080/2331186x.2021.1948660
Langemo, B. (2023). Leading with an entrepreneurial mindset. In Community Colleges as Incubators of Innovation (pp. 5–22). Taylor & Francis. https://doi.org/10.4324 /9781003443513-2
Lavelle, B. A. (2019). Entrepreneurship education’s impact on entrepreneurial intention using the theory of planned behavior: Evidence from chinese vocational college students. Entrepreneurship Education and Pedagogy, 4(1), 1–22. https://doi.org/10.1177/2515127419860307
Ledi, K. K., Ameza-Xemalordzo, E., & Owusu, J. (2022). The role of entrepreneurial attitude and opportunity recognition on entrepreneurial intention of university students. International Journal of Entrepreneurial Knowledge, 10(2), 54–67. https://doi.org/10.37335/ijek.v10i2.155
Lee, A., & Jung, E. (2021). The mediating role of entrepreneurial mindset between intolerance of uncertainty and career adaptability. Sustainability, 13(13), 7099. https://doi.org/10.3390/su13137099
Lestari, I., Kurniasari, F., & Utomo, P. (2022). Analysis of the influence of risk communications and subjective norms on the purchase intention of soft structured carriers (SSC) and their impact on perceived risk. Journal of Economics, Management and Trade, 28(11), 94–105. https://doi.org/10.9734/ jemt/2022/v28i111059
Li, X., Dai, J., Zhu, X., Li, J., He, J., Huang, Y., Liu, X., & Shen, Q. (2023). Mechanism of attitude, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control influence the green development behavior of construction enterprises. Humanities and Social Sciences Communications, 10(1), 1–13. https://doi.org/10.1057/s41599-023-01724-9
Li, Y., Cao, K., & Jenatabadi, H. S. (2023). Effect of entrepreneurial education and creativity on entrepreneurial intention in college students: Mediating entrepreneurial inspiration, mindset, and self-efficiency. Frontiers in Psychology, 14, 1240910. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1240910
Liñán, F., & Fayolle, A. (2015). A systematic literature review on entrepreneurial intentions: Citation, thematic analyses, and research agenda. International Entrepreneurship and Management Journal, 11(4), 907–933. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11365-015-0356-5
Lindberg, E., Bohman, H., Hulten, P., & Wilson, T. (2017). Enhancing students’ entrepreneurial mindset: A swedish experience. Education + Training, 59(7/8), 768–779. https://doi.org/10.1108/et-09-2016-0140
Li-Yu, W., & Jian-Hao, H. (2019). Effect of entrepreneurial self-efficacy on the entrepreneurial intentions of students at a university in Hainan province in China: Taking social support as a moderator. International Journal of Learning, Teaching and Educational Research, 18(9), 183–200. https://doi.org/10.26803/ijlter.18.9.10
Mareta, F., Martini, A. N., & Mirza, A. D. B. (2021). The impact of abusive supervision and locus of control on budgetary slack. The Indonesian Journal of Accounting Research, 24(2), 209–242. https://doi.org/10.33312/ijar.531
Mars, M. M., Bogden, A., & Torres, R. M. (2024). The influence of interdisciplinary entrepreneurial leadership learning on entrepreneurial mindset development. Entrepreneurship Education, 7, 67–85. https://doi.org/10.1007/s41959-024-00112-x
Masur, P. K., DiFranzo, D. J., & Bazarova, N. (2021). Behavioral contagion on social media: Effects of social norms, design interventions, and critical media literacy on self-disclosure. PLOS One, 16(7), e0254670. https://doi.org/10.31234 /osf.io/nxbkd
Mawardi, M. K., & Baihaqi, A. I. (2020). Impact of attitudes towards entrepreneurship, subjective norms and perceived behavioral control in creating entrepreneurial intention. Proceedings of the 2nd Annual International Conference on Business and Public Administration (AICoBPA 2019). https://doi.org/10.2991/aebmr.k.201116.010
Maydiantoro, A., Thoha, M., Basri, M., Yulianti, D., Sinaga, R. M., & Arif, S. (2021). The influence of entrepreneurial attitudes, subjective norms and self-efficacy on entrepreneurial intentions. Journal of Management Information and Decision Sciences, 24(Special 4), 1–12. https://www.abacademies.org/articles/The-influence-of-entrepreneurial-attitudes-subjective-norms-and-self-efficacy-on-entrepreneurial-intentions-1532-5806-24-S4-317.pdf
Mei, H., Lee, C.-H., & Xiang, Y. (2020). Entrepreneurship education and students’ entrepreneurial intention in higher education. Education Sciences, 10(9), 257. https://doi.org/10.3390/educsci10090257
Mentrikoski, J. M., Duncan, C. L., Enlow, P. T., & Aballay, A. M. (2019). Predicting adolescents’ intentions to engage in fire risk behaviors: An application of the theory of planned behavior. Burns, 45(5), 1242–1250. https://doi.org/10.10 16/j.burns.2019.02.006
Mohammed, B. S., Fethi, A., & Djaoued, O. B. (2017). The influence of attitude, subjective norms and perceived behavior control on entrepreneurial intentions: Case of algerian students. American Journal of Economics, 7(6), 274–282. http://article.sapub.org/10.5923.j.economics.20170706.02.html
Mohamoud, A. M. (2024). The impact of growth mindset interventions on students’ motivation, resilience, and academic achievement. Multidisciplinary Journal of Horseed International University (MJHIU), 2(1), 102–125. https://doi.org/10.59336/7adj0850
Mukhtar, S., Wardana, L. W., Wibowo, A., & Narmaditya, B. S. (2021). Does entrepreneurship education and culture promote students’ entrepreneurial intention? The mediating role of entrepreneurial mindset. Cogent Education, 8(1), 1918849. https://doi.org/10.1080/2331186x.2021.1918849
Naumann, C. (2017). Entrepreneurial mindset: A synthetic literature review. Entrepreneurial Business and Economics Review, 5(3), 149–172. https://journalppw.com/index.php/jpsp/article/view/10449
Nazir, S., & Lone, M. A. (2022). Impact of individual factors on entrepreneurial intention: An empirical investigation. Journal of Positive School Psychology, 6(8), 3492–3514.
Ndlovu, S. G., Radebe, T. N., Xulu, N. C., & Mlambo, V. (2023). Entrepreneurial mindset as a facilitator and barrier to entrepreneurship development: The mediating role of entrepreneurial culture. International Journal of Social Science Research and Review, 6(9), 170–182. https://doi.org/10.47814/ijssrr.v6i9.1492
Ndofirepi, T. M. (2020). Relationship between entrepreneurship education and entrepreneurial goal intentions: Psychological traits as mediators. Journal of Innovation and Entrepreneurship, 9, 2. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13731-020-0115-x
Ndofirepi, T. M. (2022). The effect of entrepreneurial self-efficacy and entrepreneurial self-identity on entrepreneurial goal intentions of female and male college students in Zimbabwe. Administrative Sciences, 12(4), 180. https://doi.org/10.3 390/admsci12040180
Ndoro, T., & van Niekerk, R. (2019). A psychobiographical analysis of the personality traits of steve jobs’s entrepreneurial life. Indo-Pacific Journal of Phenomenology, 19(1), 31–41. https://doi.org/10.1080/20797222.2019.1620421
Neneh, N. B. (2012). An exploratory study on entrepreneurial mindset in the small and medium enterprise (SME) sector: A South African perspective on fostering small and medium enterprise (SME) success. African Journal of Business Management, 6(9), 3364–3372. https://doi.org/10.5897/ajbm10.1631
Ngwoke, A., Aneke, A., & Oraelosi, C. (2020). Developing entrepreneurial mindset in the Nigerian child through quality early childhood education. International Journal of Studies in Education, 16(2), 162–174. https://ijose.unn.edu.ng/wp-content/uploads/sites/224/2020/07/pp-162-174-Vol.16-No.-2.pdf
Nursyirwan, V. I., Purwana, D., Suhud, U., Harahap, I. L. P., & Valentika, N. (2022). Entrepreneurial intention among students: The effect of self-efficacy and entrepreneurial attitude. Jurnal Pendidikan Ekonomi Dan Bisnis (JPEB), 10(2), 193–205. https://doi.org/10.21009/jpeb.010.2.8
Otache, I., Umar, K., Audu, Y., & Onalo, U. (2019). The effects of entrepreneurship education on students’ entrepreneurial intentions. Education + Training, ahead-of-print(ahead-of-print). https://doi.org/10.1108/et-01-2019-0005
Oulhou, H., & Ibourk, A. (2024). Perceived effectiveness of entrepreneurship education, entrepreneurial mindset, entrepreneurial self-efficacy and entrepreneurial intention among Moroccan university students: A correlational study. Social Sciences & Humanities Open, 8, 100719. https://doi.org/10.10 16/j.ssaho.2023.100719
Pidduck, R. J., Clark, D. R., & Lumpkin, G. T. (2021). Entrepreneurial mindset: Dispositional beliefs, opportunity beliefs, and entrepreneurial behavior. Journal of Small Business Management, 61(1), 1–35. https://doi.org/10.1080/0047277 8.2021.1907582
Pihie, Z. A. L. P., & Arivayagan, K. (2016). Predictors of Entrepreneurial Mindset among University Students. International Journal of Humanities, Social Sciences and Education, 3(7), 1–9. https://doi.org/10.20431/2349-0381.0307001
Pindado, E., Sánchez, M., & García Martínez, M. (2023). Entrepreneurial innovativeness: When too little or too much agglomeration hurts. Research Policy, 52(1), 104625. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.respol.2022.104625
Pinto, P., Pallikkara, V., Pinto, S., & Hawaldar, I. T. (2024). Unveiling the entrepreneurial mindset: Exploring orientation and intentions among students of prominent engineering disciplines. Journal of Innovation and Entrepreneurship, 13(1), 33. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13731-024-00390-8
Prayoga, B. E. S., Soetjipto, B. E., & Sumarsono, H. (2023). The relationship of entrepreneurial mindset and entrepreneurial passion to entrepreneurial intention through entrepreneurial attitude as an intervening variable. International Education Trend Issues, 1(3), 516–530. https://doi.org/10.56442/i eti.v1i3.337
Rodriguez, S., & Lieber, H. (2020). Relationship between entrepreneurship education, entrepreneurial mindset, and career readiness in secondary students. Journal of Experiential Education, 43(3), 277–298. https://doi.org/10.1177/1053825920 919462
Romero-Galisteo, R.-P., González-Sánchez, M., Gálvez-Ruiz, P., Palomo-Carrión, R., Casuso-Holgado, M. J., & Pinero-Pinto, E. (2022). Entrepreneurial intention, expectations of success and self-efficacy in undergraduate students of health sciences. BMC Medical Education, 22(1), 679. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12909-022-03731-x
Salamzadeh, A., Farjadian, A. A., Amirabadi, M., & Modarresi, M. (2014). Entrepreneurial characteristics: Insights from undergraduate students in Iran. International Journal of Entrepreneurship and Small Business, 21(2), 165. https://doi.org/10.1504/ijesb.2014.059471
Saptono, A., Wibowo, A., Narmaditya, B. S., Karyaningsih, R. P. D., & Yanto, H. (2020). Does entrepreneurial education matter for Indonesian students’ entrepreneurial preparation: The mediating role of entrepreneurial mindset and knowledge. Cogent Education, 7(1), 1836728. https://doi.org/10.1080/2 331186x.2020.1836728
Shinnar, R. S., Hsu, D. K., & Powell, B. C. (2014). Self-efficacy, entrepreneurial intentions, and gender: Assessing the impact of entrepreneurship education longitudinally. The International Journal of Management Education, 12(3), 561–570. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijme.2014.09.005
Shrivastava, U., & Acharya, S. R. (2020). Entrepreneurship education intention and entrepreneurial intention amongst disadvantaged students: An empirical study. Journal of Enterprising Communities: People and Places in the Global Economy, 15(3), 313–333. https://doi.org/10.1108/jec-04-2020-0072
Steenkamp, A., Meyer, N., & Bevan-Dye, A. L. (2024). Self-esteem, need for achievement, risk-taking propensity and consequent entrepreneurial intentions. Suider-Afrikaanse Tydskrif Vir Entrepreneurskap En Kleinsake, 16(1), 1–11. https://doi.org/10.4102/sajesbm.v16i1.753
Sun, J., Shi, J., & Zhang, J. (2023). From entrepreneurship education to entrepreneurial intention: Mindset, motivation, and prior exposure. Frontiers in Psychology, 14, 954118. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2023.954118
Suprapto, W., Harjanti, D., & Ginantha, V. (2020). Measuring entrepreneurial intention among university students through informal education and entrepreneurial mindset. Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference of Business, Accounting and Economics, ICBAE 2020. https://doi.org/10.4108/eai.5-8-2020.2301199
Susana, A. D. & Kurjono. (2023). Psychological characteristics and social entrepreneurial intentions: A study among accounting education students in Indonesia. Jurnal Pendidikan Ilmu Sosial, 33(2), 152–168. https://journals2.ums.ac.id/jpis/article/view/3148
Sutrisno, S., Ausat, A. M., Diawati, P., & Suherlan, S. (2024). Do entrepreneurship education and peer groups promote students’ entrepreneurial intention during covid-19 pandemic? The mediating role of entrepreneurial mindset. Quality-Access to Success, 25(201), 181–195. https://doi.org/10.47750/qas/2 5.201.20
Tehseen, S., Deng, P., Wu, B., & Gao, Y. (2021). Culture values and entrepreneurial innovativeness: A comparative study of Malaysian ethnic entrepreneurs. Journal of Small Business Management, 61(6), 1–34. https://doi.org/10.1080 /00472778.2021.1934848
Tentama, F., & Abdussalam, F. (2020). Internal locus of control and entrepreneurial intention: A study on vocational high school students. Journal of Education and Learning (EduLearn), 14(1), 97. https://doi.org/10.11591/edulearn.v14i1.1 3999
Thy, N. V. T., Nhu, P. N., Long, H., Tran, C. H. T., Nhi, P. T. L., & Xoan, P. T. (2022). Barriers to entrepreneurial intention among students of economics and management in Ho Chi Minh City. Science & Technology Development Journal - Economics - Law and Management, 6(4), 3797–3810. https://doi.org/10.32508/stdjelm .v6i4.1104
Uysal, Ş. K., Karadağ, H., Tuncer, B., & Şahin, F. (2021). Locus of control, need for achievement, and entrepreneurial intention: A moderated mediation model. The International Journal of Management Education, 20(2), 100560. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijme.2021.100560
Vargas-Martínez, M. R., Henriquez, J. C. T.-D., Colón-Flores, N. de J., & Domínguez-Valerio, C. M. (2023). Affective components, business environment and attitudes towards entrepreneurship, key background in the intention and entrepreneurial behavior of university students. Sustainability, 15, 12280. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202307.0727.v1
Wang, L.-Y., & Huang, J. H. (2022). The relationship between internal locus of control and entrepreneurial intentions of college students: A chain mediation model. International Journal of Educational Methodology, 8(1), 139–149. https://doi.org/10.12973/ijem.8.1.141
Wardana, L. W., Purnama, C., Anam, S., & Maula, F. I. (2020). Attitude determinant in entrepreneurship behavior of vocational students’ entrepreneurship intention. Jurnal Pendidikan Ekonomi Dan Bisnis (JPEB), 8(1), 1–13. https://doi.org/10.21009/jpeb.008.1.1
Wathanakom, N., Khlaisang, J., & Songkram, N. (2020). The study of the causal relationship between innovativeness and entrepreneurial intention among undergraduate students. Journal of Innovation and Entrepreneurship, 9(15), 1–13. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13731-020-00125-5
Wibisono, E., & Thao, H. (2023). The effect of entrepreneurial attitudes and individual attributes on entrepreneurial activity in the context of ASEAN member states: Evidence from Thailand and Vietnam. Gadjah Mada International Journal of Business, 25(1), 50–71. https://doi.org/10.22146/gamaijb.73025
Wijayati, D. T., Fazlurrahman, H., Hadi, H. K., & Arifah, I. D. C. (2021). The effect of entrepreneurship education on entrepreneurial intention through planned behavioural control, subjective norm, and entrepreneurial attitude. Journal of Global Entrepreneurship Research, 11, 505–518. https://doi.org/10.1007/s404 97-021-00298-7
Yang, N. (2022). An Investigation Into the Interplay Between Chinese EFL Teachers’ Emotional Intelligence, Ambiguity Tolerance, and Work Engagement. Frontiers in Psychology, 13, 929933. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.929933
Yangailo, T., & Qutieshat, A. (2022). Uncovering dominant characteristics for entrepreneurial intention and success in the last decade: Systematic literature review. Entrepreneurship Education, 5(2), 145–178. https://doi.org/10.1007/s 41959-022-00073-z
Yani, A. (2024). The impact of psychological factors in decision-making to start and develop entrepreneurial initiatives. Technopreneurship and Educational Development Review (TENDER), 1(1), 21–27. https://doi.org/10.61100/tend er.v1i1.148
Yu, M., Wang, H., & Xia, G. (2022). The review on the role of ambiguity of tolerance and resilience on students’ engagement. Frontiers in Psychology, 12, 828894. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.828894
Zahroh, N. A., Alimaningtyas, N. D., Dika, N., Pratiwi, N. G. A., Bachrodin, N. H., & Syukri, M. (2023). The influence of need for achievement on entrepreneurial intention through entrepreneurial attitude. Brilliant International Journal of Management and Tourism, 4(1), 92–102. https://doi.org/10.55606/bijmt.v4i 1.2520
Zhang, H., Long, H., & Chen, Y. (2022). Influence of film role on the positive development of college students’ entrepreneurial behavior using positive psychology. Frontiers in Psychology, 13, 843708. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg .2022.843708
Zhao, H., & Wibowo, A. (2021). Entrepreneurship resilience: Can psychological traits of entrepreneurial intention support overcoming entrepreneurial failure? Frontiers in Psychology, 12, 707803. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.707803
Zhuang, J., & Sun, H. (2024). Perceived institutional environment and entrepreneurial behavior: The mediating role of risk-taking propensity and moderating role of human capital factors. SAGE Open, 14(1), 1–40. https://doi.org/10.1177/215 82440241233950
Zhuoma, L., & Panyagometh, A. (2023). Payment behavior of Chinese online literature readers: The use of planned behavior and social capital theories. International Journal of Innovative Research and Scientific Studies, 6(3), 514–524. https://doi.org/10.53894/ijirss.v6i3.1555
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2025 Rommel Nemino

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Copyrights
Copyright for this article is retained by the author(s), with first publication rights granted to the journal.
This is an open-access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/)






