The Effect of Attitude, Subjective Norms, and Achievement Needs on Entrepreneurship Intention (Study on Management S1 Students for the 2018 Beginning)

Zuhrotul Maghfiroh; Andhatu  Achsa; Khairul  Ikhwan

doi:10.47747/ijmhrr.v3i4.891

Authors

Zuhrotul Maghfiroh Universitas Tidar
Andhatu Achsa
Khairul Ikhwan Universitas Tidar

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.47747/ijmhrr.v3i4.891

Keywords:

attitude, subjective norms, achievement needs, entrepreneurship intention

Abstract

In the 2018 Tidar University Management S1 Study Program, there are only 22 students who are entrepreneurs, while 82 students do not yet have businesses. Students who want to start entrepreneurship need strong intentions so they need to be researched. The influence of attitude variables, subjective norms and achievement needs on entrepreneurial intentions in 2018 undergraduate students management. This study is a quantitative study, the analytical technique used in this study uses IBM SPSS version 25.0. In this study using the saturated sample method with 104 students from the 2018 class as respondents. Collection data techniques in this study using a questionnaire. Outcome of the study partially show that attitude variable affects the entrepreneurial intention, subjective norms affect the entrepreneurial intention, and achievement needs affect the entrepreneurial intention, while simultaneously the independent variable can affects the dependent variable. Suggestions are give for further research by deepen the variables study, for universities by involving and support entrepreneurship activities, for students by attending seminars, workshops, and entrepreneurship training.

References

Ajzen, I. (2020). The theory of planned behavior: Frequently asked questions. Human Behavior and Emerging Technologies, 2(4), 314–324. https://doi.org/10.1002/hbe2.195

Armitage, C. J., & Conner, M. (2001). Efficacy of the theory of planned behaviour: A meta‐analytic review. British journal of social psychology, 40(4), 471-499.

Binalay, Andrew Gustnest;Mandley, Silvya L;Mintardjo, C. M. O. (2016). Pengaruh Sikap, Norma Subjektif Dan Motivasi Terhadap Minat Beli Secara Online Pada Mahasiswa Fakultas Ekonomi Dan Bisnis Di Manado. 4(1), 395–406.

Chen, L., & Yang, X. (2019). Using EPPM to Evaluate the Effectiveness of Fear Appeal Messages Across Different Media Outlets to Increase the Intention of Breast Self-Examination Among Chinese Women. Health Communication, 34(11), 1369–1376. https://doi.org/10.1080/10410236.2018.1493416

Darmiyati, Z. (1995). Pembentukan Sikap oleh Darmiyati Zuchdi Abstrak ( tindakan ) sehari-hari , meskipun masih ada faktor-faktor lain , Ylikni lingkungan dan keyakinan seseorang . Hal ini berarti bahwa kadang- kadang sikap dapat menentukan tindakan seseorang , tetapi kadang-. November, 51–63.

Dwijayanti, R. (2012). Pengaruh Pendidikan Kewirausahaan, Locus Of Control, Dan Kebutuhan Berprestasi Terhadap Pembentukan Sikap Kewirausahaan Mahasiswa Renny. 170–180.

Eileen, F., & Mangoting, Y. (2014). Pengaruh Sikap Ketidakpatuhan Pajak , Norma Subjektif , dan Kontrol Perilaku yang Dipersepsikan terhadap Niat Wajib Pajak Orang Pribadi untuk Melakukan Penggelapan Pajak. 4(1), 1–13.

Ferreira, J. J., Raposo, M. L., Rodrigues, R. G., Dinis, A., & do Paço, A. (2012). A model of entrepreneurial intention: An application of the psychological and behavioral approaches. Journal of Small Business and Enterprise Development, 19(3), 424–440. https://doi.org/10.1108/14626001211250144

Firmansyah, M. Anang;Rosmawarni, A. (2019). Kewirausahaan (Dasar dan Konsep). 1–200.

Ghozali, I. (2018). Aplikasi Analisis Multivariate Dengan Program Ibm SPSS 25. Badan Penerbit Universitas Diponegoro.

Handaru, A. W., Parimita, W., Achmad, A., & Nandiswara, C. (2014). Mahasiswa Magister Management ( Kajian Empiris Pada Sebuah Universitas Negeri Di Jakarta. Jurnal Universitas Paramadina, 11(2), 1046–1061.

Howe, L. C., & Krosnick, J. A. (2016). Attitude Strength. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-psych-122414-033600

Irene, P. W. (2013). Faktor Pendukung Terhadap Intensi Berwirausaha Pada Mahasiswa. Jurnal Dinamika Manajemen, 3(1), 1–10. https://doi.org/10.15294/jdm.v3i1.2454

Islami, N. N. (2014). Pengaruh Sikap Kewirausahaan, Norma Subyektif, Dan Efikasi Diri Terhadap Perilaku Berwirausaha Melalui Intensi Berwirausaha Mahasiswa. 3(1), 5–21.

Jaya, I Putu Bayu Adi, Seminari, N. K. (2016). Fakultas Ekonomi Universitas Udayana ( Unud ), Bali , Indonesia Pengangguran dan kemiskinan merupakan masalah klasik yang dihadapi negara-negara berkembang termasuk di Indonesia , terlihat banyaknya jumlah angkatan tenaga kerja yang ingin memasuki dunia k. 5(3), 1713–1741.

Juniarto, G., & Aminah, S. (2013). Vol. 1 No. 2 Oktober 2013. 1(2), 48–59.

Kan, M. P. H., & Fabrigar, L. R. (2017). Theory of Planned Behavior. Encyclopedia of Personality and Individual Differences, 1–8. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-28099-8_1191-1

Kothari, C. . (2008). Research Methodology, Methods and Techniques.

Kristiadi, S. (2016). Pengaruh Sikap Berperilaku, Norma Subjektif Dan Efikasi Diri Terhadap Intensi Kewirausahaan Pada Siswi Melalui Motivasi Di Smk Negeri 1 Pati. Journal of Economic Education, 5(1), 11–21. http://journal.unnes.ac.id/sju/index.php/jeec%0APENGARUH

Kurniawan, A. W. (2016). Metode penelitian kuantitatif.

Kuswati, Y. (2020). Pengaruh Motivasi Terhadap Kinerja Karyawan. 995–1002.

Lian, F., & Y, C. (2009). Development and Cross-Cultural Application of a Specific Instrument to Measure Entrepreneurial Intentions. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 33(3), 593–617.

Lilis Maryati, Mintasih Indriayu, S. A. T. (2017). Pengaruh Pengetahuan Kewirausahaan Dan Lingkungan Keluarga Terhadap Niat Berwirausaha Siswa Di Smk Negeri 4 Surakarta Tahun Ajaran 2016/2017. 2017, 1–9.

Lynn, M. (2000). National character and tipping customs: The needs for achievement, affiliation and power as predictors of the prevalence of tipping. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 19(2), 205–210. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0278-4319(00)00008-6

Ma’sumah, Ngalimatul; Pujiarti, A. (2018). Pengaruh Sikap, Norma Subjektif Dan Kontrol Perilaku Persepsian Terhadap Niat Berwirausaha Siswa. 7(1), 194–207.

Mona, M. G., Kekenusa, J. S., & Prang, J. D. (2015). Penggunaan Regresi Linear Berganda untuk Menganalisis Pendapatan Petani Kelapa Studi Kasus : Petani Kelapa Di Desa Beo , Kecamatan Beo Kabupaten Talaud The Use of Multivariate Linear Regression to Analyse Income of Coconut Farmer Case Study : Coconut Farm.

Moriano, J. A., Gorgievski, M., Laguna, M., Stephan, U., & Zarafshani, K. (2012). Pendekatan Lintas Budaya untuk Memahami Niat Kewirausahaan. Journal of Career Development, 39(2), 162–185. https://doi.org/10.1177/0894845310384481

Mustaqim, M. (2017). Membangun Intensi Wirausaha Mahasiswa : Studi Pada Mahasiswa Prodi MBS Dan ES STAIN Kudus. Equilibrium: Jurnal Ekonomi Syariah, 5(1), 134–149.

Nisa, E. M. P. K. (2020). Pengaruh norma subyektif, sikap dan kebutuhan akan prestasi terhadap intensi berwirausaha siswa kelas xii smk negeri 7 semarang.

Nurul, I. (2019). Pengaruh Sikap Berwirausaha, Norma Subjektif Dan Efikasi Diri Terhadap Intensi Berwirausaha Pada Mahasiswa Pendidikan Akuntansi Fakultas Keguruan Dan Ilmu Pendidikan Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta Angkatan 2015. Journal of Physics A: Mathematical and Theoretical.

Omolo, P. A. (2015). Effect of motivation on employee performance of commercial banks in Kenya: A case study of Kenya Commercial Bank in Migori County. International Journal of Human Resource Studies, 5(2), 87. https://doi.org/10.5296/ijhrs.v5i2.7504

Pancasila, I., Haryono, S., & Sulistyo, B. A. (2020). Effects of work motivation and leadership toward work satisfaction and employee performance: Evidence from Indonesia. Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business, 7(6), 387–397. https://doi.org/10.13106/jafeb.2020.vol7.no6.387

Peng, Z., Lu, G., & Kang, H. (2012). Entrepreneurial Intentions and Its Influencing Factors: A Survey of the University Students in Xi’an China. Creative Education, 03(08), 95–100. https://doi.org/10.4236/ce.2012.38b021

Pratana, N. K., & Margunani. (2019). Pengaruh Sikap Berwirausaha, Norma Subjektif dan Pendidikan Kewirausahaan Terhadap Intensi Berwirausaha. Economic Education Analysis Journal, 8(2), 537. https://doi.org/10.15294/eeaj.v8i2.31489

Rusydi, A., & Rafida, T. (2016). Wirausahawan, Pengantar. e-mail: perdanapublishing@gmail.com

Sandi, A. P. (2013). Minim Jiwa Kewirausahaan di Indonesia.

Sari, Bida; Rahayu, M. (2021). Pengaruh Pendidikan Kewirausahaan, Kebutuhan Akan Prestasi Dan Efikasi Diri Terhadap Intensi Berwirausaha Siswa Sma Muhammadiyah I Jakarta. 2(1).

Shook, C. L., & Bratianu, C. (2015). Entrepreneurial intent in a transitional economy : An application of the theory of planned behavior to Romanian students Entrepreneurial intent in a transitional economy : an application of the theory of planned behavior to Romanian students. August. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11365-008-0091-2

Simatupang, T. S. (2021). Intensi Berwirausaha : Sebuah Konsep Dan Studi Kasus Di Era Revolusi Industri 4.0 (Kodri (ed.)). Penerbit Adab.

Sugiyono. (2018). Metode Penelitian Kuantitatif Kualitatif dan R&D.

Sumarsana, T. G. (2021). Intensi Kewirausahaan dan Keberhasilan Usaha. Media Nusa Creative(MNC Publishing).

Supeni, R. E., Wijayantini, B., & Ferdiawati, G. (2021). Studi Empirik Kebutuhan Prestasi, Norma Subjektif, Efikasi Diri Terhadap Intensi Kewirausahaan Mahasiswa Di Tiap Fakultas di Universitas Muhammadiyah Jember. 226–240. https://doi.org/10.32528/psneb.v0i0.5175

Wijaya, Toni. (2008). Kajian Model Empiris Perilaku Berwirausaha UKM DIY dan Jawa Tengah. Jurnal Manajemen Dan Kewirausahaan, 10(2), pp.93-104. http://puslit2.petra.ac.id/ejournal/index.php/man/article/view/17036

Wijaya, Tony, Kuncoro, A. M., & Yogyakarta, U. N. (2015). Intensi Berwirausaha Mahasiswa : Perspektif Pengambilan Risiko. 19(2), 109–123.

Wijayantini, B. (2021). Studi Empirik Kebutuhan Prestasi, Norma Subjektif, Efikasi Diri Terhadap Intensi Kewirausahaan Mahasiswa Di Tiap Fakultas di Universitas Muhammadiyah Jember.

Wijayati, D. T., Fazlurrahman, H., Hadi, H. K., & Arifah, I. D. C. (2021). The effect of entrepreneurship education on entrepreneurial intention through planned behavioural control, subjective norm, and entrepreneurial attitude. Journal of Global Entrepreneurship Research, Bagozzi 1992. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40497-021-00298-7

Wu, S., & Wu, L. (2008). The impact of higher education on entrepreneurial intentions of university students in China. Journal of Small Business and Enterprise Development, 15(4), 752–774. https://doi.org/10.1108/14626000810917843

Xu, X., Ni, H., & Ye, Y. (2016). Factors influencing entrepreneurial intentions of Chinese secondary school students: an empirical study. Asia Pacific Education Review, 17(4), 625–635. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12564-016-9439-4

Yoon, D., Tong, K., & Loy, L. C. (2011). Factors Influencing Entrepreneurial Intention Among University Students. International Journal of Social Sciences and Humanity Studies, 3(1), 487–496.