Memperkuat Kewirausahaan: Pengaruh Persepsi Kemampuan dan Ketakutan akan Kegagalan berdasarkan Laporan GEM 2023/2024
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47747/snfmi.v2i1.2386Abstract
This study, conducted on a global scale, analyzes the effect of ease of starting a business, perceived ability, and fear of failure on early-stage entrepreneurial activity (TEA) and entrepreneurial interest. The data from the Global Entrepreneurship Monitor 2023/2024 spans 45 countries, providing a comprehensive view of the entrepreneurial landscape. The results of this study indicate that perceived ability has a significant and positive impact on both early-stage entrepreneurial activity and entrepreneurial interest and has broad implications for entrepreneurial behavior worldwide. Conversely, fear of failure has a significant impact on reducing a person's interest in entrepreneurship. This can be interpreted as fear of failure, which can prevent someone from planning or starting a business. These findings highlight the study's practical implications, pointing to the need for policies that can bolster perceived ability and mitigate fear of failure. By doing so, these policies could foster a more conducive environment for global entrepreneurial activity.
References
Al-Jubari, I., Hassan, A., & Liñán, F. (2019). Entrepreneurial intention among University students in Malaysia: integrating self-determination theory and the theory of planned behavior. International entrepreneurship and management journal, 15(4), 1323-1342.
Amini Sedeh, A., Abootorabi, H., & Zhang, J. (2021). National social capital, perceived entrepreneurial ability and entrepreneurial intentions. International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Research, 27(2), 334-355.
Antoine, N. (2021). Evaluating the Relationship Between Government Policies and Entrepreneurship Promotion in Developing and Developed Economies. A Global Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies, 4(2), 65-70.
Arab, Z., & Sofiyabadi, J. (2013). Entrepreneurship indicators with an emphasis on Global Entrepreneurship Monitor. International Journal of Recent Research and Applied Studies, 16(2), 288-296.
Arenius, P., & Minniti, M. (2005). Perceptual variables and nascent entrepreneurship. Small business economics, 24, 233-247.
Bayon, M. C., Vaillant, Y., & Lafuente, E. (2015). Antecedents of perceived entrepreneurial ability in Catalonia: the individual and the entrepreneurial context. Journal of Global Entrepreneurship Research, 5, 1-19.
Brand, M. J., van Praag, M., Ombach, M., Bodewes, W., & van Gelderen, M. (2004). Some advances in the explanation of entrepreneurial intentions. University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign's Academy for Entrepreneurial Leadership Historical Research Reference in Entrepreneurship.
Busenitz, L. W., Gomez, C., & Spencer, J. W. (2000). Country institutional profiles: Unlocking entrepreneurial phenomena. Academy of Management journal, 43(5), 994-1003.
Cacciotti, G., & Hayton, J. C. (2015). Fear and entrepreneurship: A review and research agenda. International Journal of Management Reviews, 17(2), 165-190.
Canare, T. (2018). The effect of ease of doing business on firm creation. Annals of Economics and Finance, 19(2), 555-584.
Chandra Bayan, M. (2014). Perceived entrepreneurial ability and the quality and quantity of entrepreneurial activities. Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona.
Chahine, Y. (2020). The impact of entrepreneurship on economic and social development. Journal of Public Administration and Governance, 10(2), 297310-297310.
Chapman, P., & Phillips, R. A. (2022). Entrepreneurial fear of failure: An international comparison of antecedents and impact on venture creation. Journal of the International Council for Small Business, 3(4), 281-291.
Chua, H. S., & Bedford, O. (2016). A qualitative exploration of fear of failure and entrepreneurial intent in Singapore. Journal of Career Development, 43(4), 319-334.
Desai, S. (2011). Measuring entrepreneurship in developing countries. In Entrepreneurship and economic development (pp. 94-107). London: Palgrave Macmillan UK.
De Waal, A. (2004). Business start-ups and early-stage entrepreneurship. International Journal of Entrepreneurship and Small Business, 1(3-4), 223-229.
Dlamini, M., & Botha, M. (2023). Entrepreneurial intention and the three stages of entrepreneurial action: a process approach. Frontiers in Psychology, 14, 1184390.
Doran, J., McCarthy, N., & O’Connor, M. (2018). The role of entrepreneurship in stimulating economic growth in developed and developing countries. Cogent Economics & Finance, 6(1), 1442093.
Fayolle, A., Gailly, B., & Lassas‐Clerc, N. (2006). Assessing the impact of entrepreneurship education programmes: a new methodology. Journal of European industrial training, 30(9), 701-720.
Jekwu, O. L. (2016). Psychosocial predictors of entrepreneurial intention among Nigerian graduates. International Journal of Psychology and Counselling, 8(6), 73-80.
GEM (Global Entrepreneurship Monitor) (2023). Global Entrepreneurship Monitor 2023/2024 Global Report: 25 Years and Growing. London: GEM.
Grundstén, H. (2004). Entrepreneurial intentions and the entrepreneurial environment: A study of technology-based new venture creation. Helsinki University of Technology.
Haggard, D. L., & Haggard, K. S. (2018). The impact of law, religion, and culture on the ease of starting a business. International Journal of Organization Theory & Behavior, 21(4), 242-257.
Hassan, Z., & Basit, A. (2018). Ease of doing business and its impact on inward FDI. Hossain, MT, Hassan, Z., Shafiq, S., & Basit, A.(2018). Ease of Doing Business and Its Impact on Inward FDI. Indonesian Journal of Management and Business Economics, 1(1), 52-65.
Hunter, E., Jenkins, A., & Mark-Herbert, C. (2021). When fear of failure leads to intentions to act entrepreneurially: Insights from threat appraisals and coping efficacy. International Small Business Journal, 39(5), 407-423.
Kaushik, R., Kumar, R., Datta, M., Kumar, R. K., & Kumar, P. (2020). How does perceived desirability and perceived feasibility effects the entrepreneurial intention. In Electronic Systems and Intelligent Computing: Proceedings of ESIC 2020 (pp. 607-616). Springer Singapore.
Kawung, G. M., Mintardjo, C. M., Rompas, W. I., Kojo, C., & Ogi, I. J. (2019, February). Ease of doing business in East Indonesian region: Starting a business study in North Sulawesi province SMEs. In 5th Annual International Conference on Accounting Research (AICAR 2018) (pp. 197-201). Atlantis Press.
Kong, F., Zhao, L., & Tsai, C. H. (2020). The relationship between entrepreneurial intention and action: the effects of fear of failure and role model. Frontiers in Psychology, 11, 229.
Krueger Jr, N. F., Reilly, M. D., & Carsrud, A. L. (2000). Competing models of entrepreneurial intentions. Journal of business venturing, 15(5-6), 411-432.
Liñán, F., & Chen, Y. W. (2009). Development and cross–cultural application of a specific instrument to measure entrepreneurial intentions. Entrepreneurship theory and practice, 33(3), 593-617.
Locke, E. A. (1997). Self-efficacy: The exercise of control. Personnel psychology, 50(3), 801.
Mitchell, J. R., & Shepherd, D. A. (2011). Afraid of opportunity: The effects of fear of failure on entrepreneurial action. Frontiers of Entrepreneurship Research, 31(6), 1.
Mohamad, N., & Shaari, M. S. M. (2019). The Relationship between Intention and Actual Entrepreneurial as a Career Choice of Malaysian Graduate. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ACADEMIC RESEARCH IN BUSINESS AND SOCIAL SCIENCES, 9(6).
Mukharomah, W., Soepatini, S., & Praswati, A. N. (2017). Pengaruh Perceived Desirability dan Perceived Feasibility Terhadap Entrepreneurial Intention. URECOL, 281-294.
Rafiullah, D. I. U. K. (2023). Fear of failure and entrepreneurial intentions: mediating role of social context. Journal of Positive School Psychology, 7(6), 589-606.
Ranjan, A. (2019). The role of entrepreneurship in economic development. American Journal of Management Science and Engineering, 4(6), 87-90.
Riswanto, A. (2016, August). The role of the entrepreneur in innovation and in economic development. In 2016 Global Conference on Business, Management and Entrepreneurship (pp. 729-732). Atlantis Press.
Rodrigues, R. G., Marques, I. C. P., & Geraldes, S. (2020). Understanding entrepreneurial intentions around the world: An empirical approach. Cadernos de Gestão e Empreendedorismo, 8(1), 1-19.
Stenholm, P., Acs, Z. J., & Wuebker, R. (2015). Exploring country-level institutional arrangements on the rate and type of entrepreneurial activity. In Global Entrepreneurship, Institutions and Incentives (pp. 387-404). Edward Elgar Publishing.
Qin, S. (2021). Perceptual enablers of global nascent entrepreneurs: a quantitative investigation based on global entrepreneurship monitor data. International Journal of Entrepreneurial Knowledge, 9(1), 112-126.
Wennberg, K., Pathak, S., & Autio, E. (2013). How culture moulds the effects of self-efficacy and fear of failure on entrepreneurship. Entrepreneurship & Regional Development, 25(9-10), 756-780.
Yusof, W., & Zainol, F. (2018). The Influence of Self-Efficacy Theory on Entrepreneurial Intention. International Journal of Business Quantitative Economics and Applied Management Research, 5(2), 33-41.
Zikmund, William G., et al. (2010). Business Research Methods (eight edition). South Western, USA: Cengage Learning.
