Membangun Perilaku Keuangan UMKM melalui Sikap Menabung, Literasi Keuangan dan Norma Subjektif
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47747/snfmi.v3i1.3197Abstract
Financial literacy for MSMEs is essential to improve their understanding of financial products and services, financial planning, and awareness of illegal online investment and loan offers. This study will examine the application of the Theory of Planned Behavior in shaping financial behavior and explore how financial literacy affects MSME entrepreneurs. This study is a quantitative study using the Structural Equation Model (SEM) and processed and analyzed using LISREL. The sampling technique used was purposive sampling, with the criteria being MSME entrepreneurs in the Greater Jakarta area. The study's results demonstrate that financial literacy positively affects savings attitudes. Subjective norms have an insignificant effect on financial behavior, but have a positive effect on savings attitudes, while savings attitudes have a positive effect on financial behavior. The results also show that savings attitudes can mediate the influence of financial literacy and subjective norms on financial behavior. This study provides empirical evidence to test the Theory of Planned Behavior, which states that close relationships and knowledge can influence the formation of attitudes towards savings, thereby shaping financial behavior.
References
Adam, E., Panjaitan, R., Sumarlin, T., & Andriana, M. (2021). Financial Well- Being Resilience : Financial Literacy and Financial Inclusion Toward Financial Attitude. 18(1), 1–10.
Agyei, S. K. (2018). Culture, financial literacy, and SME performance in Ghana. Cogent Economics and Finance, 6(1) https://doi.org/10.1080/23322039.2018.1463813
Agyei, S. K., Adam, A. M., & Agyemang, O. S. (2019). Financial Literacy, Cultural Dominance, and Financial Well-Being of SME Owners in Ghana. Poverty and Public Policy, 11(3), 222–237. https://doi.org/10.1002/pop4.254
Ajzen, I. (1991). The theory of planned behavior. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes. https://doi.org/10.1016/0749-5978(91)90020-T
Ajzen, I., & Fishbein, M. (2000). Attitudes and the Attitude-Behavior Relation: Reasoned and Automatic Processes. European Review of Social Psychology, 11(1), 1–33. https://doi.org/10.1080/14792779943000116
Akben-Selcuk, E. (2015). Factors Influencing College Students’ Financial Behaviors in Turkey: Evidence from a National Survey. International Journal of Economics and Finance, 7(6), 87–94. https://doi.org/10.5539/ijef.v7n6p87
Ali, M. A. (2021). Impact of Islamic Financial Literacy, Subjective Norms, Risk Perception and Perceived Behavioral Control on Adoption of Islamic Banking in Pakistan. Revista Gestão Inovação e Tecnologias, 11(3), 220–233. https://doi.org/10.47059/revistageintec.v11i3.1929
Allgood, S., & Walstad, W. B. (2016). The effects of perceived and actual financial literacy on financial behaviors. Economic Inquiry, 54(1), 675–697. https://doi.org/10.1111/ecin.12255
Ameliawati, M., & Setiyani, R. (2018). The Influence of Financial Attitude, Financial Socialization, and Financial Experience to Financial Management Behavior with Financial Literacy as the Mediation Variable. KnE Social Sciences, 3(10), 811. https://doi.org/10.18502/kss.v3i10.3174
Andrew, A., & Tharanika, K. (2017). Factors Influencing On Saving Behaviour Among University Students. International Journal of Research, 4(17), 861– 871. https://edupediapublications.org/journals
Arber, S., Fenn, K., & Meadows, R. (2014). Social Science & Medicine Subjective fi nancial well-being , income and health inequalities in mid and later life in Britain. Social Science & Medicine, 100, 12–20. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.socscimed.2013.10.016
Azlan, A., Jamal, A., Kamal, W., Mohdrahimie, R., Roslemohidin, A. K., & Osman, Z. (2015). The Effects of Social Influence and Financial Literacy on Savings Behavior: A Study on Students of Higher Learning Institutions in Kota Kinabalu, Sabah. International Journal of Business and Social Science, 6(111), 110–119.
Bhatti, A., & Akram, H. (2020). The Moderating Role Of Subjective Norms Between Online Shopping Behaviour And Its Determinants. International Journal of Social Sciences and Economic Review, 02(01), 1–09. https://doi.org/10.36923/ijsser.v2i2.52
Bose, A. (2022). Implications of Financial Knowledge on Financial Behavior: Delineating the Mediation Role of Financial Attitude. Journal Of Management Analytical and Solution (JoMAS).
Brüggen, E. C., Hogreve, J., Holmlund, M., Kabadayi, S., & Löfgren, M. (2017). Financial well-being: A conceptualization and research agenda. Journal of Business Research, 79, 228–237. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2017.03.013
Budiman, J., & Yanty. (2022). Factors That Influence the Saving Behavior of Batam City Students. Budapest International Research and Critics Institure Journal (BIRCI), 5(3), 5936–25949. https://doi.org/10.33258/birci.v5i3.6639
Chinen, K. (2012). Effects of Attitude and Background on Students ’ Personal Financial Ability : A United States Survey. 29(2).
Chudzian, J., Anioła-Mikołajczak, P., & Pataraia, L. (2015). Motives and attitudes for saving among young georgians. Economics and Sociology. https://doi.org/10.14254/2071-789X.2015/8-1/13
Falahati, L., & Paim, L. H. (2011). Gender differences in financial well-being, financial socialization and financial knowledge among college students. Life Science Journal, 8(3), 173–178.
Falahati, L., Sabri, M. F., & Paim, L. H. J. (2012). Assessment a model of financial satisfaction predictors: Examining the mediate effect of financial behaviour and financial strain. World Applied Sciences Journal, 20(2), 190–197. https://doi.org/10.5829/idosi.wasj.2012.20.02.1832
Fenitra, R. M., Laila, N., Premananto, G. C., Abbas, A., & Sedera, R. M. H. (2023). Explaining littering prevention among park visitors using the Theory of Planned Behavior and Norm Activation Model. International Journal of Geoheritage and Parks,11(1), 39–53. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijgeop.2022.11.002
Garg, N., & Singh, S. (2018). Financial literacy among youth. International Journal of Social Economics, 45(1), 173–186. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJSE-11-2016-0303
Gayatri, G., Alversia, Y., & Astuti, R. D. (2013). The Influence of Attitude And Subjective Norms On Student’s (Future) Intention and Future Decision Of Higher Level Studies: A Case Study of Five Universities with BHMN Status in Indonesia.ASEAN Marketing Journal, 2(1). https://doi.org/10.21002/amj.v2i1.1991
Grohmann, A. (2018). Financial literacy and financial behavior: Evidence from the emerging Asian middle class. Pacific Basin Finance Journal, 48(July 2017), 129–143. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pacfin.2018.01.007
Gultom, S., Dalle, J., Restu, Baharuddin, Hairudinoar, & Gultom, S. (2020). The influence of attitude and subjective norm on citizen’s intention to use e- government services. Journal of Security and Sustainability Issues, 9(5), 173–187. https://doi.org/10.9770/jssi.2020.9.M(14)
Gutter, M., & Copur, Z. (2011). Financial Behaviors and Financial Well-Being of College Students: Evidence from a National Survey. Journal of Family and Economic Issues, 32(4), 699–714.
Hair, J. F., Ringle, C. M., & Sarstedt, M. (2011). PLS-SEM: Indeed a silver bullet. Journal of Marketing Theory and Practice, 19(2), 139–152. https://doi.org/10.2753/MTP1069-6679190202
Ham, M., Jeger, M., & Ivković, A. F. (2015). The role of subjective norms in forming the intention to purchase green food. Economic Research- Ekonomska Istrazivanja, 28(1), 738–748. https://doi.org/10.1080/1331677X.2015.1083875
Hung, A., Parker, A. M., & Yoong, J. (2011). Defining and Measuring Financial Literacy. SSRN Electronic Journal. https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.1498674
Huston, S. J. (2010). Measuring Financial Literacy. 44(2), 296–316.
Ibrahim, Y., & Arshad, I. (2017). Examining the impact of product involvement, subjective norm and perceived behavioral control on investment intentions of individual investors in Pakistan. Investment Management and Financial Innovations, 14(4), 181–193. https://doi.org/10.21511/imfi.14(4).2017.15
Jorgensen, B. L., & Savla, J. (2010). Financial literacy of young adults: The importance of parental socialization. Family Relations, 59(4), 465–478. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1741-3729.2010.00616.x
Jufrizen, J., & Ariza, C. (2022). Mediation Role of Financial Attitude on The Influence of Financial Knowledge on Financial Behavior. Journal Of Management Analytical and Solution (JoMAS), 2(3), 8–25. https://doi.org/10.32734/jomas.v2i3.9177
Kautonen, T., van Gelderen, M., & Tornikoski, E. T. (2013). Predicting entrepreneurial behaviour: A test of the theory of planned behaviour. Applied Economics, 45(6), 697–707. https://doi.org/10.1080/00036846.2011.610750
Kimiyagahlam, F., Safari, M., & Mansori, S. (2019). Influential Behavioral Factors on Retirement Planning Behavior: The Case of Malaysia. Journal of Financial Counseling and Planning, 30(2), 244–261. https://doi.org/10.1891/1052-3073.30.2.244
Kisaka, S. E. (2014). The Impact of Attitudes towards Saving, Borrowing and Investment on the Capital Accumulation Process in Kenya: An Application of the Theory of Planned Behavior. Research Journal of Finance and Accounting, 5(9), 140–152.
Maichum, K., Parichatnon, S., & Peng, K. C. (2016). Application of the extended theory of planned behavior model to investigate purchase intention of green products among Thai consumers. Sustainability (Switzerland), 8(10), 1–20. https://doi.org/10.3390/su8101077
Mohd, J., Kadir, A., & Shoukat, A. (2021). Saving Behavior in Emerging Country: The Role of Financial Knowledge, Peer Influence and Parent Socialization Supply Chain Management View project Intention to Use Biodegradable Drinking Straw View project. Pakistan Business Review, 22(4).
Morgan, P. J., & Long, T. Q. (2020). Financial literacy, financial inclusion, and savings behavior in Laos. Journal of Asian Economics, 68, 101197. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.asieco.2020.101197
Muniandy, G., Anuar, M. M., Foster, B., Saputra, J., Johansyah, M. D., Khoa, T. T., & Ahmed, Z. U. (2021). Determinants of sustainable waste management behavior of Malaysian academics. Sustainability (Switzerland), 13(8). https://doi.org/10.3390/su13084424
Pijoh, L. F. A., Indradewa, R., & Syah, T. Y. R. (2020). Financial Literacy, Financial Behaviour and Financial Anxiety: Implication for Financial Well Being of Top Management Level Employees. Journal of Multidisciplinary Academic.
Potrich, A. C. G., Vieira, K. M., & Mendes-Da-Silva, W. (2016). Development of a financial literacy model for university students. Management Research Review, 39(3), 356–376. https://doi.org/10.1108/MRR-06-2014-0143
Rahadjeng, E. R., & Fiandari, Y. R. (2020). the Effect of Attitude, Subjective Norms and Control of Behavior Towards Intention in Share Investment. Manajemen Bisnis, 10(2), 17–25. https://doi.org/10.22219/jmb.v10i2.13616
Rahman, M., Isa, C. R., Masud, M. M., Sarker, M., & Chowdhury, N. T. (2021). The role of financial behaviour, financial literacy, and financial stress in explaining the financial well-being of B40 group in Malaysia. Future Business Journal, 7(1), 1–18. https://doi.org/10.1186/s43093-021-00099-0
Ramadhan, Y. (2016). Model behavior investments by investors tipology.
Remund, D. L. (2010). Financial literacy explicated: The case for a clearer definition in an increasingly complex economy. Journal of Consumer Affairs, 44(2), 276–295. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6606.2010.01169.x
Sehrawat, K., Vij, M., & Talan, G. (2021). Understanding the Path Toward Financial Well-Being: Evidence From India. Frontiers in Psychology, 12(July). https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.638408
Setiyani, R., & Solichatun, I. (2019). Financial Well-being of College Students: An Empirical Study on Mediation Effect of Financial Behavior. KnE Social Sciences, 3(11), 451. https://doi.org/10.18502/kss.v3i11.4026
Setyobudi, W. T., Wiryono, S. K., Nasution, R. A., & Purwanegara, M. S. (2015). Exploring implicit and explicit attitude toward saving at Islamic bank. Journal of Islamic Marketing. https://doi.org/10.1108/JIMA-08-2014-0055
She, L., Rasiah, R., Weissmann, M. A., & Kaur, H. (2023). Using the Theory of Planned Behaviour to Explore Predictors of Financial Behaviour Among Working Adults in Malaysia. FIIB Business Review. https://doi.org/10.1177/23197145231169336
Shim, S., Barber, B. L., Card, N. A., Xiao, J. J., & Serido, J. (2010). Financial Socialization of First-year College Students: The Roles of Parents, Work, and Education. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 39(12), 1457–1470. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10964-009-9432-x
Shim, S., Serido, J., & Tang, C. (2012). The ant and the grasshopper revisited: The present psychological benefits of saving and future oriented financial behaviors. Journal of Economic Psychology, 33(1), 155–165. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joep.2011.08.005
Shim, S., Xiao, J. J., Barber, B. L., & Lyons, A. C. (2009). Pathways to life success: A conceptual model of financial well-being for young adults. Journal of Applied Developmental Psychology, 30(6), 708–723. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.appdev.2009.02.003
Stefani, G., Havidz, S., Dewi, K., Havidz, I., & Wiratih, H. (2022). Is Financial Inclusion Driven by Mobile Payment Characteristics and Financial Literacy? 4–10. https://doi.org/10.4108/eai.7-10-2021.2316812
Sumani, S., Awwaliyah, I. N., Suryaningsih, I. B., & Nurdin, D. (2022). Financial Behavior on Financial Satisfaction and Performance of the Indonesian Batik Industry. Jurnal Aplikasi Manajemen, 20(4). https://doi.org/10.21776/ub.jam.2022.020.04.06
Taft, M. K., Addin, M. M., Nayebzadeh, S., & Mir Mohammadi Sadrabadi, M. (2013). Financial strategies and investigating the relationship among financial literacy, financial well-being, and financial worry. European Online Journal of Natural and Social Sciences, 2(3), 1279–1289. www.european- science.com
Tam, V. W. Y., Le, K. N., Wang, J. Y., & Illankoon, I. M. C. S. (2018). Practitioners recycling attitude and behaviour in the Australian construction industry. Sustainability (Switzerland),10(4),1–23. https://doi.org/10.3390/su10041212
Widjaja, I., Arifin, A. Z., & Setini, M. (2020). The effects of financial literacy and subjective norms on saving behavior. Management Science Letters, 10(15), 3635–3642. https://doi.org/10.5267/j.msl.2020.6.030
Widyastuti, U., Suhud, U., & Sumiati, A. (2016). The Impact of Financial Literacy on Student Teachers’ Saving Intention and Saving Behaviour. Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences, 7(6), 41–48. https://doi.org/10.5901/mjss.2016.v7n6p41
Yoopetch, C., & Chaithanapat, P. (2021). The effect of financial attitude, financial behavior and subjective norm on stock investment intention. Kasetsart Journal of Social Sciences, 42(3), 501–508. https://doi.org/10.34044/j.kjss.2021.42.3.08